ACL stands for Anterior Cruciate Ligament. Ligaments are strong
bands of tissue that connect one bone to another. The ACL is one
of 4 major ligaments in the knee. It is in the centre of the knee joint,
connecting the thigh, or femur to the shin, or tibia. The ACL is the
major ligament that helps keep the knee stable by limiting twisting
and forward sliding motions of the knee.
The ACL is often injured or torn in sports when there is a forced
twisting motion of the knee, or when the knee is hit while the foot is
planted such as a football tackle. It may also be injured during a
sudden stop, when the femur moves forcefully over the tibia.
What is ACL surgery?
To replace the torn ACL the surgeon uses ligaments or tendons from
another part of the knee. Tendons are the tissue bands that attach
muscles to bone. The replacement tissue is called a graft.
Grafts can be taken from the hamstring muscle at the back of the
thigh or the middle 1/3 of the patellar tendon at the front of the knee.
These are called autografts because the replacement tissue comes
from your own body. You can also have an allograft, which is
donated tendon.

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